Since a few weeks two English people join me to help on
writing this blog.
We exchanged a lot and I conclude from our discussion that one of the
biggest problems is
that the English language does not have
translations for French timber framing terms. This is why I decided to keep some French words. But
these French words need to be explained, that the purpose of this course.
-
“La sablière”: this
word has two meanings, it is the wall-plate(*) - the piece of wood lying on the
wall on which carry the rafters. In le
trait it is also the theoretical line which represents the lowest plane of
the roof. This line is in the same plane as the base line (ligne de trave). It
is located at the intersection of the base line and the "lattis".
This is the meaning in which we are going to use it.
- " Le lattis": This word
also has two meanings. It is a lath or tiling-batten but in le trait, it refers to the plane of the
roof at the top of the rafters to which the tiling-battens are nailed. In
French we say it is where the carpenter's work finishes and the tiler's or
slater's work begins. When we draw the surface development of this plane - la herse of le lattis - we draw this surface in its true dimensions and angles.
-
“la herse”: a developed view of a plane in which
lines in that plane are shown in their true lengths and at their true angles.
La herse - or developed surface view - is obtained by 'rotating or folding' a
surface into a (usually) horizontal plane about a line sometimes referred to as
a hinge-line (for a roof surface the rotation line is “la sablière”).
- “la vue par bout” or The end view: Is the auxiliary plane developed from
perpendiculars to both the elevation and plan of the line formed by the meeting
of two planes. It is used to show the end view of a component in that plane. The
angle formed where these two planes meet is the dihedral angle. A hip rafter
lies along the line formed by the meeting of the side and the end planes of a
roof. When the auxiliary plane is developed by hinging it down into the plan
view, the end view of the hip rafter is shown in its true dimensions and angles.
-
“le rabattement”: Is
the technique we employ to rotate a figure about a line and by which that
figure is moved from one plane to another. So to draw la herse of a roof, we have to do le rabattement of the real length of the profile rafter. In this
case the line of rotation (the folding line), is la sablière. Another case in which “le rabattement” is used, is to
show the underside of a piece of wood by rotating it a ¼ turn.
Note: study case drawn on Concepts_01.pdf file is delimited
by the a-b-c-d letters on the drawing on the Concepts_02.pdf file.
Download: Concepts_01.pdf and Concepts_02.pdf
Michel, what does "croupe" translate too?
ReplyDeleteSim, The literal translation is "Rump" the posterior part of some animals, specially Horses).
ReplyDeleteI don't know exactly why we use this word, but perhaps because it looks like a rump of a horse (side view).
The word is used in French Carpentry since 1374.
Michel, This is a really good description of la herse, whether it's in English, French or German.
ReplyDelete“la herse”: a developed view of a plane in which lines in that plane are shown in their true lengths and at their true angles. La herse - or developed surface view - is obtained by 'rotating or folding' a surface into a (usually) horizontal plane about a line sometimes referred to as a hinge-line (for a roof surface the rotation line is “la sablière”).